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diff --git a/content/notes/aws-solutions-architect/9.ec2-storage.md b/content/notes/aws-solutions-architect/9.ec2-storage.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ef11b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/notes/aws-solutions-architect/9.ec2-storage.md @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ +--- +title: 09 - ec2 storage +course: ["aws solutions architect"] +--- + +# EC2 storage options + +Storage options for EC2 instances + +## EBS Volume + +Elastic Block Store - network drive. Allows for data persistence. + +Can only be mounted to 1 instance at a time. It's bound to AZ. But you can attach more than one volume to an instance + +> Like a network USB stick. It's not a physical drive, it uses the network, so there is latency. + +You can move it, but you've gotta snapshot the volume. + +You can decide to terminate the EBS volume on instance termination + +## EBS Snapshot + +- You can snapshot your volumes to act as a backup. +- Recommended to detach volume +- Can copy across AZs - allowing volume restoration in another AZ +- Copying to archive tier is much cheaper, but restoration is longer +- Snapshot deletions can be recovered from a recycle bin +- Fast Snapshot Restore (FSR) helps with latency on restoration +- Can also create other volumes from existing snapshots, which can be in a different AZ + +## EBS Volume Types + +There are 6 types of EBS volume types + +- GP2 / GP3 (SSD): perf/price balance +- io1 / io2 Block Express (SSD): High perf for low latency and high throughput +- st 1 (HDD): Low cost, frequent access, throughput intensive workloads +- sc 1 (HDD): Lowest cost for less frequent workloads + +Characterised by SIZE | THROUGHPUT | IOPS (I/O Ops per sec) + +> Only GP2/GP3 and io1 / io2 can be used at boot volumes + +### General purpose SSD (gp2/gp3) + +- Cost effective, low latency +- System boots +- 1GiB - 16 TiB +- Gp3: 2k - 16k IOPS & 125 MiB/s - 1k MiB/s +- Gp2: IOPS up to 16k. volume size and IOPS are linked + +### Provisioned IOPS volumes (io1/1o2) + +- Critical business apps +- Apps that nmeed more than 16k IOPS +- Great for DB workloads +- io1: 4gb - 16tb max 64k IOPS +- io2: 4gb - 64gb - max 256k IOPS + +### HDD (st1/sc1) + +- Can't be boot volumes +- 125gb - 16tb +- Throughpout optimised (st 1) - good for big data +- Infrequent access (low cost) - sc 1 + +Best resource: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ebs/latest/userguide/ebs-volume-types.html + +### EBS multi attach + +For io1/2 families you can attach same EBS volume to multiple EC2 instances in the same AZ. + +This is good for high availability and concurrent writes. + +> Only good for one AZ and 16 EC2 instances at the same time + +## EBS Encryption + +- Data encrypted at rest +- In flight encryption +- Snapshot encryption +- Uses KMs (AES-256). + +## Elastic file system (EFS) + +Allows for a network file system that allows multiple AZ instances to connect to the EFS through a security group. + + + +Use cases: content management, web serving, data sharing, Wordpress. Only Linux compatible (POSIX) system and scales automatically. + +It has different perf modes: + +- General purpose +- Throughput mode for Max I/O + +And storage classes: + +- standard +- infrequent access +- archive |